By: Justin Leopold-Cohen
The October 7, 2023, Hamas surprise attack on Israel proved that Israel’s strategy of deterrence was a failure. After two destructive wars in Gaza, in 2014 and 2021, the hope that Hamas endured enough was proven wrong. In reality, it was biding time as Israel’s security apparatus grew overconfident and pivoted toward other threats: Hezbollah, militancy in the West Bank, and the Iran nuclear program.
